[
 {
  "id": "poindexter1964",
  "authors": "Poindexter JS",
  "year": 1964,
  "title": "BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE CAULOBACTER GROUP.",
  "journal": "Bacteriol Rev",
  "volume": "28",
  "pages": "231-295",
  "doi": "10.1128/br.28.3.231-295.1964",
  "pmid": "14220656",
  "topics": [
   "origins",
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Classic review describing the biological properties and classification of the caulobacter group of stalked bacteria.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "stove1962",
  "authors": "Stove JL, Stanier RY",
  "year": 1962,
  "title": "Cellular Differentiation in Stalked Bacteria",
  "journal": "Nature",
  "volume": "196",
  "pages": "1189-1192",
  "doi": "10.1038/1961189a0",
  "pmid": null,
  "topics": [
   "origins",
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Early study of cellular differentiation in stalked bacteria, cited by Shapiro et al. (1971) as one of the foundations of the Caulobacter model.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "shapiro1971",
  "authors": "Shapiro L, Agabian-Keshishian N, Bendis I",
  "year": 1971,
  "title": "Bacterial differentiation.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "173",
  "pages": "884-892",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.173.4000.884",
  "pmid": "5572165",
  "topics": [
   "origins"
  ],
  "note": "Proposed Caulobacter as a model for prokaryotic differentiation, defining in synchronous cultures a life cycle of sequential, polar morphological changes.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "evinger1977",
  "authors": "Evinger M, Agabian N",
  "year": 1977,
  "title": "Envelope-associated nucleoid from Caulobacter crescentus stalked and swarmer cells.",
  "journal": "J Bacteriol",
  "volume": "132",
  "pages": "294-301",
  "doi": "10.1128/jb.132.1.294-301.1977",
  "pmid": "334726",
  "topics": [
   "origins"
  ],
  "note": "Isolated envelope-associated nucleoids from stalked and swarmer cells and introduced a Ludox density-gradient method for preparing large quantities of synchronous cells.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "osley1977",
  "authors": "Osley MA, Newton A",
  "year": 1977,
  "title": "Mutational analysis of developmental control in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "74",
  "pages": "124-128",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.74.1.124",
  "pmid": "264665",
  "topics": [
   "origins",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Conditional division mutants showed cell-cycle events form dependent pathways, with flagellin synthesis and stalk formation coupled to specific cell-cycle steps.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "poindexter1981",
  "authors": "Poindexter JS",
  "year": 1981,
  "title": "The caulobacters: ubiquitous unusual bacteria.",
  "journal": "Microbiol Rev",
  "volume": "45",
  "pages": "123-179",
  "doi": "10.1128/mr.45.1.123-179.1981",
  "pmid": "7012570",
  "topics": [
   "origins",
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Broad review of caulobacter biology, framing the group as ubiquitous yet unusual bacteria.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "purucker1982",
  "authors": "Purucker M, Bryan R, Amemiya K, Ely B, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1982,
  "title": "Isolation of a Caulobacter gene cluster specifying flagellum production by using nonmotile Tn5 insertion mutants.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "79",
  "pages": "6797-6801",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.79.22.6797",
  "pmid": "16593248",
  "topics": [
   "origins",
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Used nonmotile Tn5 insertion mutants to clone the flaY/E/F/G flagellar gene cluster and showed it contains at least three promoters.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "nierman2001",
  "authors": "Nierman WC, Feldblyum TV, Laub MT, Paulsen IT, Nelson KE, Eisen JA, et al.",
  "year": 2001,
  "title": "Complete genome sequence of Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "98",
  "pages": "4136-4141",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.061029298",
  "pmid": "11259647",
  "topics": [
   "genome"
  ],
  "note": "Reported the complete 4,016,942-bp single-chromosome genome (3,767 genes), noting an unusually large set of 105 two-component signaling proteins.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "marks2010",
  "authors": "Marks ME, Castro-Rojas CM, Teiling C, Du L, Kapatral V, Walunas TL, et al.",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "The genetic basis of laboratory adaptation in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "J Bacteriol",
  "volume": "192",
  "pages": "3678-3688",
  "doi": "10.1128/JB.00255-10",
  "pmid": "20472802",
  "topics": [
   "genome"
  ],
  "note": "Whole-genome sequencing mapped the polymorphisms at five loci underlying phenotypic differences between strain CB15 and its lab-adapted derivative NA1000.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "quon1996",
  "authors": "Quon KC, Marczynski GT, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1996,
  "title": "Cell cycle control by an essential bacterial two-component signal transduction protein.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "84",
  "pages": "83-93",
  "doi": "10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80995-2",
  "pmid": "8548829",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Identified CtrA, an essential response regulator that binds target promoters and controls cell division, stalk synthesis and cell cycle-regulated transcription.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "domian1997",
  "authors": "Domian IJ, Quon KC, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1997,
  "title": "Cell type-specific phosphorylation and proteolysis of a transcriptional regulator controls the G1-to-S transition in a bacterial cell cycle.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "90",
  "pages": "415-424",
  "doi": "10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80502-4",
  "pmid": "9267022",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed CtrA is controlled by cell type-specific phosphorylation and proteolysis, and that a stable, constitutively active CtrA blocks the G1-to-S transition.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "quon1998",
  "authors": "Quon KC, Yang B, Domian IJ, Shapiro L, Marczynski GT",
  "year": 1998,
  "title": "Negative control of bacterial DNA replication by a cell cycle regulatory protein that binds at the chromosome origin.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "95",
  "pages": "120-125",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.95.1.120",
  "pmid": "9419339",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed CtrA binds five sites in the chromosome replication origin and represses replication in vivo, restricting initiation to the stalked cell.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "laub2000",
  "authors": "Laub MT, McAdams HH, Feldblyum T, Fraser CM, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2000,
  "title": "Global analysis of the genetic network controlling a bacterial cell cycle.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "290",
  "pages": "2144-2148",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.290.5499.2144",
  "pmid": "11118148",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Microarrays of synchronized cells identified 553 cell cycle-regulated genes (19% of the genome), about a quarter under direct or indirect CtrA control.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "laub2002",
  "authors": "Laub MT, Chen SL, Shapiro L, McAdams HH",
  "year": 2002,
  "title": "Genes directly controlled by CtrA, a master regulator of the Caulobacter cell cycle.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "99",
  "pages": "4632-4637",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.062065699",
  "pmid": "11930012",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "In vivo genomic binding analysis combined with expression data showed CtrA directly regulates at least 95 genes, including 14 regulatory genes.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "holtzendorff2004",
  "authors": "Holtzendorff J, Hung D, Brende P, Reisenauer A, Viollier PH, McAdams HH, et al.",
  "year": 2004,
  "title": "Oscillating global regulators control the genetic circuit driving a bacterial cell cycle.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "304",
  "pages": "983-987",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.1095191",
  "pmid": "15087506",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Identified GcrA, a master regulator oscillating out of phase with CtrA, forming a circuit that drives cell-cycle progression and polar morphogenesis.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "hottes2005",
  "authors": "Hottes AK, Shapiro L, McAdams HH",
  "year": 2005,
  "title": "DnaA coordinates replication initiation and cell cycle transcription in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Mol Microbiol",
  "volume": "58",
  "pages": "1340-1353",
  "doi": "10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04912.x",
  "pmid": "16313620",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed DnaA acts as a global transcription factor, activating genes such as gcrA, ftsZ and podJ and coupling replication initiation to cell-cycle transcription.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "collier2006",
  "authors": "Collier J, Murray SR, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "DnaA couples DNA replication and the expression of two cell cycle master regulators.",
  "journal": "EMBO J",
  "volume": "25",
  "pages": "346-356",
  "doi": "10.1038/sj.emboj.7600927",
  "pmid": "16395331",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "methylation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed DnaA activates gcrA transcription, linking replication initiation to the DnaA/GcrA/CtrA regulatory cascade that drives cell-cycle progression.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "gora2010",
  "authors": "Gora KG, Tsokos CG, Chen YE, Srinivasan BS, Perchuk BS, Laub MT",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "A cell-type-specific protein-protein interaction modulates transcriptional activity of a master regulator in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Mol Cell",
  "volume": "39",
  "pages": "455-467",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.molcel.2010.06.024",
  "pmid": "20598601",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Identified SciP, a small protein that accumulates in G1 and binds CtrA to inhibit activation of its target genes without affecting CtrA stability or phosphorylation.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "tan2010",
  "authors": "Tan MH, Kozdon JB, Shen X, Shapiro L, McAdams HH",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "An essential transcription factor, SciP, enhances robustness of Caulobacter cell cycle regulation.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "107",
  "pages": "18985-18990",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1014395107",
  "pmid": "20956288",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Showed SciP is an essential DNA-binding transcription factor forming an incoherent feedforward loop with CtrA that regulates at least 58 genes.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "fumeaux2014",
  "authors": "Fumeaux C, Radhakrishnan SK, Ardissone S, Théraulaz L, Frandi A, Martins D, et al.",
  "year": 2014,
  "title": "Cell cycle transition from S-phase to G1 in Caulobacter is mediated by ancestral virulence regulators.",
  "journal": "Nat Commun",
  "volume": "5",
  "pages": "4081",
  "doi": "10.1038/ncomms5081",
  "pmid": "24939058",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Identified MucR1/2, zinc-finger regulators related to alphaproteobacterial virulence regulators, as part of a module directing the S-to-G1 transcriptional switch.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "lori2015",
  "authors": "Lori C, Ozaki S, Steiner S, Böhm R, Abel S, Dubey BN, et al.",
  "year": 2015,
  "title": "Cyclic di-GMP acts as a cell cycle oscillator to drive chromosome replication.",
  "journal": "Nature",
  "volume": "523",
  "pages": "236-239",
  "doi": "10.1038/nature14473",
  "pmid": "25945741",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed c-di-GMP levels oscillate in the cell cycle and that c-di-GMP binds CckA, switching it from kinase to phosphatase to allow replication initiation.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcadams2003",
  "authors": "McAdams HH, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2003,
  "title": "A bacterial cell-cycle regulatory network operating in time and space.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "301",
  "pages": "1874-1877",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.1087694",
  "pmid": "14512618",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "systems-modeling",
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Perspective arguing that Caulobacter cell-cycle control combines transcriptional circuits with localized, nontranscriptional pathways under a few master regulators.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "zhou2015",
  "authors": "Zhou B, Schrader JM, Kalogeraki VS, Abeliuk E, Dinh CB, Pham JQ, et al.",
  "year": 2015,
  "title": "The global regulatory architecture of transcription during the Caulobacter cell cycle.",
  "journal": "PLoS Genet",
  "volume": "11",
  "pages": "e1004831",
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1004831",
  "pmid": "25569173",
  "topics": [
   "cell-cycle",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Mapped 2,726 transcription start sites through the cell cycle, finding 586 cell cycle-regulated and 529 binding sites for the master regulators.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "hecht1995",
  "authors": "Hecht GB, Lane T, Ohta N, Sommer JM, Newton A",
  "year": 1995,
  "title": "An essential single domain response regulator required for normal cell division and differentiation in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "EMBO J",
  "volume": "14",
  "pages": "3915-3924",
  "doi": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00063.x",
  "pmid": "7664732",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Identified DivK, an essential single-domain response regulator phosphorylated by the PleC and DivJ kinases, required for normal division and differentiation.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "jenal1998",
  "authors": "Jenal U, Fuchs T",
  "year": 1998,
  "title": "An essential protease involved in bacterial cell-cycle control.",
  "journal": "EMBO J",
  "volume": "17",
  "pages": "5658-5669",
  "doi": "10.1093/emboj/17.19.5658",
  "pmid": "9755166",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the ClpXP protease is essential for viability and required for cell cycle-dependent CtrA degradation and the G1-to-S transition.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "jacobs1999",
  "authors": "Jacobs C, Domian IJ, Maddock JR, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1999,
  "title": "Cell cycle-dependent polar localization of an essential bacterial histidine kinase that controls DNA replication and cell division.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "97",
  "pages": "111-120",
  "doi": "10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80719-9",
  "pmid": "10199407",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Identified CckA, an essential histidine kinase required for CtrA phosphorylation that localizes to a cell pole in S phase and disperses after division.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "wheeler1999",
  "authors": "Wheeler RT, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1999,
  "title": "Differential localization of two histidine kinases controlling bacterial cell differentiation.",
  "journal": "Mol Cell",
  "volume": "4",
  "pages": "683-694",
  "doi": "10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80379-2",
  "pmid": "10619016",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the antagonistic kinases DivJ and PleC localize to opposite poles in a cell cycle-dependent manner, with PleC required for DivJ localization.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "paul2004",
  "authors": "Paul R, Weiser S, Amiot NC, Chan C, Schirmer T, Giese B, et al.",
  "year": 2004,
  "title": "Cell cycle-dependent dynamic localization of a bacterial response regulator with a novel di-guanylate cyclase output domain.",
  "journal": "Genes Dev",
  "volume": "18",
  "pages": "715-727",
  "doi": "10.1101/gad.289504",
  "pmid": "15075296",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the response regulator PleD has a diguanylate cyclase output domain and is sequestered to the cell pole when activated by phosphorylation.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "skerker2005",
  "authors": "Skerker JM, Prasol MS, Perchuk BS, Biondi EG, Laub MT",
  "year": 2005,
  "title": "Two-component signal transduction pathways regulating growth and cell cycle progression in a bacterium: a system-level analysis.",
  "journal": "PLoS Biol",
  "volume": "3",
  "pages": "e334",
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pbio.0030334",
  "pmid": "16176121",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Deletion of 106 two-component genes found 39 required for growth, cell cycle or morphogenesis; phosphotransfer profiling revealed the essential CenK-CenR pathway.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "biondi2006",
  "authors": "Biondi EG, Reisinger SJ, Skerker JM, Arif M, Perchuk BS, Ryan KR, et al.",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "Regulation of the bacterial cell cycle by an integrated genetic circuit.",
  "journal": "Nature",
  "volume": "444",
  "pages": "899-904",
  "doi": "10.1038/nature05321",
  "pmid": "17136100",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Identified ChpT, an essential phosphotransferase in two CckA-initiated phosphorelays that phosphorylate and stabilize CtrA, closing a feedback loop through DivK.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "iniesta2006",
  "authors": "Iniesta AA, McGrath PT, Reisenauer A, McAdams HH, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "A phospho-signaling pathway controls the localization and activity of a protease complex critical for bacterial cell cycle progression.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "103",
  "pages": "10935-10940",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0604554103",
  "pmid": "16829582",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed unphosphorylated CpdR localizes ClpXP to the cell pole for CtrA degradation, while CckA-dependent CpdR phosphorylation prevents it.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcgrath2006",
  "authors": "McGrath PT, Iniesta AA, Ryan KR, Shapiro L, McAdams HH",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "A dynamically localized protease complex and a polar specificity factor control a cell cycle master regulator.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "124",
  "pages": "535-547",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cell.2005.12.033",
  "pmid": "16469700",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Showed ClpXP is dynamically localized and degrades CtrA at the cell pole, and identified RcdA, required for CtrA polar localization and degradation.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "duerig2009",
  "authors": "Duerig A, Abel S, Folcher M, Nicollier M, Schwede T, Amiot N, et al.",
  "year": 2009,
  "title": "Second messenger-mediated spatiotemporal control of protein degradation regulates bacterial cell cycle progression.",
  "journal": "Genes Dev",
  "volume": "23",
  "pages": "93-104",
  "doi": "10.1101/gad.502409",
  "pmid": "19136627",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed c-di-GMP promotes CtrA degradation through the effector PopA, which localizes to the old pole and recruits CtrA via RcdA.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "tsokos2011",
  "authors": "Tsokos CG, Perchuk BS, Laub MT",
  "year": 2011,
  "title": "A dynamic complex of signaling proteins uses polar localization to regulate cell-fate asymmetry in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Dev Cell",
  "volume": "20",
  "pages": "329-341",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.devcel.2011.01.007",
  "pmid": "21397844",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the unorthodox kinase DivL promotes CckA activity while phosphorylated DivK inhibits CckA by binding DivL, with polar localization protecting CckA.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "childers2014",
  "authors": "Childers WS, Xu Q, Mann TH, Mathews II, Blair JA, Deacon AM, et al.",
  "year": 2014,
  "title": "Cell fate regulation governed by a repurposed bacterial histidine kinase.",
  "journal": "PLoS Biol",
  "volume": "12",
  "pages": "e1001979",
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pbio.1001979",
  "pmid": "25349992",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Crystal structure and biochemistry showed the pseudokinase DivL preferentially binds phosphorylated DivK, repurposing kinase domains as a regulator sensor.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "lasker2020",
  "authors": "Lasker K, von Diezmann L, Zhou X, Ahrens DG, Mann TH, Moerner WE, et al.",
  "year": 2020,
  "title": "Selective sequestration of signalling proteins in a membraneless organelle reinforces the spatial regulation of asymmetry in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Nat Microbiol",
  "volume": "5",
  "pages": "418-429",
  "doi": "10.1038/s41564-019-0647-7",
  "pmid": "31959967",
  "topics": [
   "phosphorelay"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the PopZ polar microdomain selectively concentrates CckA, ChpT and CtrA and enhances phosphosignaling, producing a gradient of active CtrA.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "marczynski1992",
  "authors": "Marczynski GT, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1992,
  "title": "Cell-cycle control of a cloned chromosomal origin of replication from Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "J Mol Biol",
  "volume": "226",
  "pages": "959-977",
  "doi": "10.1016/0022-2836(92)91045-q",
  "pmid": "1518064",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Isolated the chromosomal replication origin and showed an origin-based plasmid replicates with temporal control resembling the chromosome.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mohl1997",
  "authors": "Mohl DA, Gober JW",
  "year": 1997,
  "title": "Cell cycle-dependent polar localization of chromosome partitioning proteins in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "88",
  "pages": "675-684",
  "doi": "10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81910-8",
  "pmid": "9054507",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed ParA and ParB localize to both poles of the predivisional cell after replication, with ParB binding DNA near the origin.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "viollier2004",
  "authors": "Viollier PH, Thanbichler M, McGrath PT, West L, Meewan M, McAdams HH, et al.",
  "year": 2004,
  "title": "Rapid and sequential movement of individual chromosomal loci to specific subcellular locations during bacterial DNA replication.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "101",
  "pages": "9257-9262",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0402606101",
  "pmid": "15178755",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Imaged 112 chromosomal loci, showing each has a specific subcellular address in linear order and loci move sequentially there as they are replicated.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "toro2008",
  "authors": "Toro E, Hong SH, McAdams HH, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "Caulobacter requires a dedicated mechanism to initiate chromosome segregation.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "105",
  "pages": "15435-15440",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0807448105",
  "pmid": "18824683",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the parS site is where segregation force is exerted via the essential ParABS system, independent of its position on the chromosome.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "bowman2008",
  "authors": "Bowman GR, Comolli LR, Zhu J, Eckart M, Koenig M, Downing KH, et al.",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "A polymeric protein anchors the chromosomal origin/ParB complex at a bacterial cell pole.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "134",
  "pages": "945-955",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.015",
  "pmid": "18805088",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Identified PopZ, a polymeric polar protein that binds ParB and anchors the segregated chromosome origins at the cell poles.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "ebersbach2008",
  "authors": "Ebersbach G, Briegel A, Jensen GJ, Jacobs-Wagner C",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "A self-associating protein critical for chromosome attachment, division, and polar organization in caulobacter.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "134",
  "pages": "956-968",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.016",
  "pmid": "18805089",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation",
   "division"
  ],
  "note": "Showed PopZ is a self-associating polar hub that captures ParB-ori complexes and mediates polar localization of CckA and DivJ.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "ptacin2010",
  "authors": "Ptacin JL, Lee SF, Garner EC, Toro E, Eckart M, Comolli LR, et al.",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "A spindle-like apparatus guides bacterial chromosome segregation.",
  "journal": "Nat Cell Biol",
  "volume": "12",
  "pages": "791-798",
  "doi": "10.1038/ncb2083",
  "pmid": "20657594",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed ParA forms linear polymers that ParB destabilizes, proposing a burnt-bridge Brownian ratchet for segregation, with TipN keeping it directional.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "le2013",
  "authors": "Le TB, Imakaev MV, Mirny LA, Laub MT",
  "year": 2013,
  "title": "High-resolution mapping of the spatial organization of a bacterial chromosome.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "342",
  "pages": "731-734",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.1242059",
  "pmid": "24158908",
  "topics": [
   "replication-segregation",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Used Hi-C to show the chromosome is organized into multiple stable spatial domains, with HU and SMC promoting compaction and arm colinearity.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "quardokus1996",
  "authors": "Quardokus E, Din N, Brun YV",
  "year": 1996,
  "title": "Cell cycle regulation and cell type-specific localization of the FtsZ division initiation protein in Caulobacter.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "93",
  "pages": "6314-6319",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.93.13.6314",
  "pmid": "8692812",
  "topics": [
   "division"
  ],
  "note": "Showed FtsZ levels vary dramatically over the cell cycle and that after division only the stalked cell contains FtsZ.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "ausmees2003",
  "authors": "Ausmees N, Kuhn JR, Jacobs-Wagner C",
  "year": 2003,
  "title": "The bacterial cytoskeleton: an intermediate filament-like function in cell shape.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "115",
  "pages": "705-713",
  "doi": "10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00935-8",
  "pmid": "14675535",
  "topics": [
   "division"
  ],
  "note": "Identified crescentin, an intermediate filament-like cytoskeletal protein required for the curved cell shape; without it cells grow as straight rods.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "thanbichler2006",
  "authors": "Thanbichler M, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "MipZ, a spatial regulator coordinating chromosome segregation with cell division in Caulobacter.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "126",
  "pages": "147-162",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cell.2006.05.038",
  "pmid": "16839883",
  "topics": [
   "division",
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Identified MipZ, a ParB-associated FtsZ inhibitor whose polar localization restricts Z-ring formation to midcell, coupling segregation to division.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "goley2011",
  "authors": "Goley ED, Yeh YC, Hong SH, Fero MJ, Abeliuk E, McAdams HH, et al.",
  "year": 2011,
  "title": "Assembly of the Caulobacter cell division machine.",
  "journal": "Mol Microbiol",
  "volume": "80",
  "pages": "1680-1698",
  "doi": "10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07677.x",
  "pmid": "21542856",
  "topics": [
   "division"
  ],
  "note": "Used synchronized cells to determine the order in which divisome components arrive at the division site, with high temporal resolution.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "zweiger1994",
  "authors": "Zweiger G, Marczynski G, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1994,
  "title": "A Caulobacter DNA methyltransferase that functions only in the predivisional cell.",
  "journal": "J Mol Biol",
  "volume": "235",
  "pages": "472-485",
  "doi": "10.1006/jmbi.1994.1007",
  "pmid": "8289276",
  "topics": [
   "methylation"
  ],
  "note": "Identified CcrM, a GANTC adenine methyltransferase expressed only in predivisional cells; constitutive expression caused aberrant cells and extra initiation.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "collier2007",
  "authors": "Collier J, McAdams HH, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2007,
  "title": "A DNA methylation ratchet governs progression through a bacterial cell cycle.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "104",
  "pages": "17111-17116",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0708112104",
  "pmid": "17942674",
  "topics": [
   "methylation",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Showed promoter methylation state times dnaA and ctrA transcription, so replication-fork passage and late CcrM synthesis act as a ratchet on the cell cycle.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "kozdon2013",
  "authors": "Kozdon JB, Melfi MD, Luong K, Clark TA, Boitano M, Wang S, et al.",
  "year": 2013,
  "title": "Global methylation state at base-pair resolution of the Caulobacter genome throughout the cell cycle.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "110",
  "pages": "E4658-E4667",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1319315110",
  "pmid": "24218615",
  "topics": [
   "methylation",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "SMRT sequencing tracked 4,515 GANTC sites through the cell cycle, finding 27 persistently unmethylated sites and 59 candidate epigenetically regulated genes.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "champer1987",
  "authors": "Champer R, Dingwall A, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1987,
  "title": "Cascade regulation of Caulobacter flagellar and chemotaxis genes.",
  "journal": "J Mol Biol",
  "volume": "194",
  "pages": "71-80",
  "doi": "10.1016/0022-2836(87)90716-9",
  "pmid": "3039148",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Used the transposon promoter probe Tn5-VB32 to follow flagellar gene transcription, showing flagellar promoters are temporally regulated in the cell cycle.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "ramakrishnan1990",
  "authors": "Ramakrishnan G, Newton A",
  "year": 1990,
  "title": "FlbD of Caulobacter crescentus is a homologue of the NtrC (NRI) protein and activates sigma 54-dependent flagellar gene promoters.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "87",
  "pages": "2369-2373",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.87.6.2369",
  "pmid": "2315326",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Showed FlbD is an NtrC-like activator that stimulates sigma 54-dependent promoters of late genes in the flagellar regulatory hierarchy.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "brun1992",
  "authors": "Brun YV, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1992,
  "title": "A temporally controlled sigma-factor is required for polar morphogenesis and normal cell division in Caulobacter.",
  "journal": "Genes Dev",
  "volume": "6",
  "pages": "2395-2408",
  "doi": "10.1101/gad.6.12a.2395",
  "pmid": "1459461",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development",
   "division"
  ],
  "note": "Showed sigma 54 (rpoN) is cell cycle-regulated and required for both stalk and flagellum biogenesis and for normal cell division.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "skerker2000",
  "authors": "Skerker JM, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2000,
  "title": "Identification and cell cycle control of a novel pilus system in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "EMBO J",
  "volume": "19",
  "pages": "3223-3234",
  "doi": "10.1093/emboj/19.13.3223",
  "pmid": "10880436",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Identified a pilus gene cluster including pilA and showed late, CtrA-regulated pilA transcription helps time pilus assembly.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "lam2006",
  "authors": "Lam H, Schofield WB, Jacobs-Wagner C",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "A landmark protein essential for establishing and perpetuating the polarity of a bacterial cell.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "124",
  "pages": "1011-1023",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cell.2005.12.040",
  "pmid": "16530047",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Identified TipN, a new-pole landmark protein whose relocation at division orients polarity in the progeny; its loss causes pleiotropic polarity defects.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "tsang2006",
  "authors": "Tsang PH, Li G, Brun YV, Freund LB, Tang JX",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "Adhesion of single bacterial cells in the micronewton range.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "103",
  "pages": "5764-5768",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0601705103",
  "pmid": "16585522",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Micromanipulation measured holdfast-mediated adhesion of single cells at 0.11-2.26 micronewtons, reported as the strongest biological adhesive measured.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "wagner2006",
  "authors": "Wagner JK, Setayeshgar S, Sharon LA, Reilly JP, Brun YV",
  "year": 2006,
  "title": "A nutrient uptake role for bacterial cell envelope extensions.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "103",
  "pages": "11772-11777",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0602047103",
  "pmid": "16861302",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development",
   "physiology"
  ],
  "note": "Showed stalks take up and hydrolyze organic phosphate and contain PstS, arguing their long thin shape aids nutrient uptake in dilute environments.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "ellison2017",
  "authors": "Ellison CK, Kan J, Dillard RS, Kysela DT, Ducret A, Berne C, et al.",
  "year": 2017,
  "title": "Obstruction of pilus retraction stimulates bacterial surface sensing.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "358",
  "pages": "535-538",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.aan5706",
  "pmid": "29074778",
  "topics": [
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Showed pili stop retracting upon surface contact and that obstructing retraction alone triggers holdfast synthesis, revealing a surface-sensing mechanism.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcadams1995",
  "authors": "McAdams HH, Shapiro L",
  "year": 1995,
  "title": "Circuit simulation of genetic networks.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "269",
  "pages": "650-656",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.7624793",
  "pmid": "7624793",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling"
  ],
  "note": "Proposed modeling genetic networks as circuits, illustrated with the phage lambda lysis-lysogeny decision, treating operons as logic elements with time delays.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcadams1997",
  "authors": "McAdams HH, Arkin A",
  "year": 1997,
  "title": "Stochastic mechanisms in gene expression.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "94",
  "pages": "814-819",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.94.3.814",
  "pmid": "9023339",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling"
  ],
  "note": "Simulations showed proteins are produced in random bursts from activated promoters, which can partition a cell population into different phenotypes.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcadams1998",
  "authors": "McAdams HH, Arkin A",
  "year": 1998,
  "title": "Simulation of prokaryotic genetic circuits.",
  "journal": "Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct",
  "volume": "27",
  "pages": "199-224",
  "doi": "10.1146/annurev.biophys.27.1.199",
  "pmid": "9646867",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling",
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Review arguing for molecular-level simulation of bacterial genetic circuits and signaling networks to identify their design principles.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "li2008",
  "authors": "Li S, Brazhnik P, Sobral B, Tyson JJ",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "A quantitative study of the division cycle of Caulobacter crescentus stalked cells.",
  "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol",
  "volume": "4",
  "pages": "e9",
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pcbi.0040009",
  "pmid": "18225942",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Built a quantitative model of the stalked-cell cycle based on CtrA, GcrA and DnaA that reproduces wild-type protein time courses and many mutant phenotypes.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "shen2008",
  "authors": "Shen X, Collier J, Dill D, Shapiro L, Horowitz M, McAdams HH",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "Architecture and inherent robustness of a bacterial cell-cycle control system.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "105",
  "pages": "11340-11345",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0805258105",
  "pmid": "18685108",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling",
   "cell-cycle"
  ],
  "note": "Built a hybrid simulation of cell-cycle control and used formal model checking to show it is robust to stochastic variation and nutrient starvation.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "werner2009",
  "authors": "Werner JN, Chen EY, Guberman JM, Zippilli AR, Irgon JJ, Gitai Z",
  "year": 2009,
  "title": "Quantitative genome-scale analysis of protein localization in an asymmetric bacterium.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "106",
  "pages": "7858-7863",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.0901781106",
  "pmid": "19416866",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Built a high-throughput fluorescent-fusion imaging pipeline that identified nearly 300 localized proteins, a genome-scale localization map.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "christen2010b",
  "authors": "Christen B, Fero MJ, Hillson NJ, Bowman G, Hong SH, Shapiro L, et al.",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "High-throughput identification of protein localization dependency networks.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "107",
  "pages": "4681-4686",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1000846107",
  "pmid": "20176934",
  "topics": [
   "systems-modeling",
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Automated imaging of 854 transposon mutants identified genes affecting localization of PleC, DivJ and CpaE, mapping localization dependency networks.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcgrath2007",
  "authors": "McGrath PT, Lee H, Zhang L, Iniesta AA, Hottes AK, Tan MH, et al.",
  "year": 2007,
  "title": "High-throughput identification of transcription start sites, conserved promoter motifs and predicted regulons.",
  "journal": "Nat Biotechnol",
  "volume": "25",
  "pages": "584-592",
  "doi": "10.1038/nbt1294",
  "pmid": "17401361",
  "topics": [
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Tiled microarrays identified transcription start sites of 769 genes and 27 promoter motifs, used to predict regulons including stress responses.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "christen2011",
  "authors": "Christen B, Abeliuk E, Collier JM, Kalogeraki VS, Passarelli B, Coller JA, et al.",
  "year": 2011,
  "title": "The essential genome of a bacterium.",
  "journal": "Mol Syst Biol",
  "volume": "7",
  "pages": "528",
  "doi": "10.1038/msb.2011.58",
  "pmid": "21878915",
  "topics": [
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Hyper-saturated Tn-seq defined 1,012 essential genome features at 8-bp resolution, including 480 ORFs, 402 regulatory sequences and 130 non-coding elements.",
  "landmark": true,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "schrader2014",
  "authors": "Schrader JM, Zhou B, Li GW, Lasker K, Childers WS, Williams B, et al.",
  "year": 2014,
  "title": "The coding and noncoding architecture of the Caulobacter crescentus genome.",
  "journal": "PLoS Genet",
  "volume": "10",
  "pages": "e1004463",
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1004463",
  "pmid": "25078267",
  "topics": [
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Combined RNA-seq, 5'-RACE, ribosome profiling and proteomics to map transcripts and coding regions; most start codons lack Shine-Dalgarno sites.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "lasker2016",
  "authors": "Lasker K, Schrader JM, Men Y, Marshik T, Dill DL, McAdams HH, et al.",
  "year": 2016,
  "title": "CauloBrowser: A systems biology resource for Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Nucleic Acids Res",
  "volume": "44",
  "pages": "D640-D645",
  "doi": "10.1093/nar/gkv1050",
  "pmid": "26476443",
  "topics": [
   "genomics"
  ],
  "note": "Introduced CauloBrowser, an online resource integrating expression, essentiality, localization and methylation datasets for Caulobacter.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "iyerbiswas2014",
  "authors": "Iyer-Biswas S, Wright CS, Henry JT, Lo K, Burov S, Lin Y, et al.",
  "year": 2014,
  "title": "Scaling laws governing stochastic growth and division of single bacterial cells.",
  "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  "volume": "111",
  "pages": "15912-15917",
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1403232111",
  "pmid": "25349411",
  "topics": [
   "physiology"
  ],
  "note": "Single-cell measurements showed exponential growth and division at a critical size multiple (about 1.8), with distributions collapsing onto universal curves.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "campos2014",
  "authors": "Campos M, Surovtsev IV, Kato S, Paintdakhi A, Beltran B, Ebmeier SE, et al.",
  "year": 2014,
  "title": "A constant size extension drives bacterial cell size homeostasis.",
  "journal": "Cell",
  "volume": "159",
  "pages": "1433-1446",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.022",
  "pmid": "25480302",
  "topics": [
   "physiology"
  ],
  "note": "Showed E. coli and C. crescentus maintain size homeostasis by adding a constant size between divisions rather than dividing at a critical size.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "alvarezmartinez2007",
  "authors": "Alvarez-Martinez CE, Lourenço RF, Baldini RL, Laub MT, Gomes SL",
  "year": 2007,
  "title": "The ECF sigma factor sigma(T) is involved in osmotic and oxidative stress responses in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Mol Microbiol",
  "volume": "66",
  "pages": "1240-1255",
  "doi": "10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06005.x",
  "pmid": "17986185",
  "topics": [
   "stress"
  ],
  "note": "Showed the ECF sigma factor sigma T is needed to survive osmotic and oxidative stress and identified about 40 putative sigma T regulon members.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "herrou2010",
  "authors": "Herrou J, Foreman R, Fiebig A, Crosson S",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "A structural model of anti-anti-σ inhibition by a two-component receiver domain: the PhyR stress response regulator.",
  "journal": "Mol Microbiol",
  "volume": "78",
  "pages": "290-304",
  "doi": "10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07323.x",
  "pmid": "20735776",
  "topics": [
   "stress"
  ],
  "note": "Placed PhyR genetically in the sigma T/NepR general stress pathway and solved its crystal structure, proposing a model of anti-anti-sigma regulation.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "darocha2008",
  "authors": "da Rocha RP, Paquola AC, Marques Mdo V, Menck CF, Galhardo RS",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "Characterization of the SOS regulon of Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "J Bacteriol",
  "volume": "190",
  "pages": "1209-1218",
  "doi": "10.1128/JB.01419-07",
  "pmid": "18083815",
  "topics": [
   "stress"
  ],
  "note": "Identified 37 LexA-dependent genes forming the SOS regulon and confirmed GTTCN7GTTC as the SOS operator.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "modell2011",
  "authors": "Modell JW, Hopkins AC, Laub MT",
  "year": 2011,
  "title": "A DNA damage checkpoint in Caulobacter crescentus inhibits cell division through a direct interaction with FtsW.",
  "journal": "Genes Dev",
  "volume": "25",
  "pages": "1328-1343",
  "doi": "10.1101/gad.2038911",
  "pmid": "21685367",
  "topics": [
   "stress",
   "division"
  ],
  "note": "Showed DNA damage induces the SOS regulon and inhibits CtrA, and that the SOS-induced protein SidA delays division by binding FtsW.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "lesley2008",
  "authors": "Lesley JA, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2008,
  "title": "SpoT regulates DnaA stability and initiation of DNA replication in carbon-starved Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "J Bacteriol",
  "volume": "190",
  "pages": "6867-6880",
  "doi": "10.1128/JB.00700-08",
  "pmid": "18723629",
  "topics": [
   "stress",
   "replication-segregation"
  ],
  "note": "Showed carbon starvation raises (p)ppGpp via SpoT, which is required for DnaA proteolysis and for blocking replication initiation in starved swarmer cells.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "boutte2011",
  "authors": "Boutte CC, Crosson S",
  "year": 2011,
  "title": "The complex logic of stringent response regulation in Caulobacter crescentus: starvation signalling in an oligotrophic environment.",
  "journal": "Mol Microbiol",
  "volume": "80",
  "pages": "695-714",
  "doi": "10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07602.x",
  "pmid": "21338423",
  "topics": [
   "stress"
  ],
  "note": "Defined the input logic and transcriptional output of the stringent response; the sole Rsh enzyme SpoT binds the ribosome and needs amino-acid starvation to act.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "hu2005",
  "authors": "Hu P, Brodie EL, Suzuki Y, McAdams HH, Andersen GL",
  "year": 2005,
  "title": "Whole-genome transcriptional analysis of heavy metal stresses in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "J Bacteriol",
  "volume": "187",
  "pages": "8437-8449",
  "doi": "10.1128/JB.187.24.8437-8449.2005",
  "pmid": "16321948",
  "topics": [
   "applications",
   "stress"
  ],
  "note": "Transcriptional profiling of chromium, cadmium, selenium and uranium exposure found high uranium tolerance and oxidative-stress protection as the main response.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "hillson2007",
  "authors": "Hillson NJ, Hu P, Andersen GL, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2007,
  "title": "Caulobacter crescentus as a whole-cell uranium biosensor.",
  "journal": "Appl Environ Microbiol",
  "volume": "73",
  "pages": "7615-7621",
  "doi": "10.1128/AEM.01566-07",
  "pmid": "17905881",
  "topics": [
   "applications"
  ],
  "note": "Engineered a urcA promoter-GFP reporter strain that detects micromolar uranium and distinguished contaminated from uncontaminated groundwater samples.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "bingle1997",
  "authors": "Bingle WH, Nomellini JF, Smit J",
  "year": 1997,
  "title": "Cell-surface display of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain K pilin peptide within the paracrystalline S-layer of Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Mol Microbiol",
  "volume": "26",
  "pages": "277-288",
  "doi": "10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5711932.x",
  "pmid": "9383153",
  "topics": [
   "applications"
  ],
  "note": "Inserted a Pseudomonas pilin peptide at many sites in the S-layer protein RsaA, showing the S-layer can display epitope-size heterologous peptides.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "thanbichler2007",
  "authors": "Thanbichler M, Iniesta AA, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2007,
  "title": "A comprehensive set of plasmids for vanillate- and xylose-inducible gene expression in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Nucleic Acids Res",
  "volume": "35",
  "pages": "e137",
  "doi": "10.1093/nar/gkm818",
  "pmid": "17959646",
  "topics": [
   "applications"
  ],
  "note": "Characterized a vanillate-inducible promoter and built a set of integrating and replicating vectors for gene expression and protein tagging.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "shapiro1997",
  "authors": "Shapiro L, Losick R",
  "year": 1997,
  "title": "Protein localization and cell fate in bacteria.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "276",
  "pages": "712-718",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.276.5313.712",
  "pmid": "9115191",
  "topics": [
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Review of how protein localization governs replication, segregation, cytokinesis and cell fate, using Caulobacter and Bacillus subtilis as paradigms.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "shapiro2002",
  "authors": "Shapiro L, McAdams HH, Losick R",
  "year": 2002,
  "title": "Generating and exploiting polarity in bacteria.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "298",
  "pages": "1942-1946",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.1072163",
  "pmid": "12471245",
  "topics": [
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Review of how dynamic localization of signaling proteins, cytoskeletal proteins and chromosome regions generates and exploits bacterial polarity.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "shapiro2009",
  "authors": "Shapiro L, McAdams HH, Losick R",
  "year": 2009,
  "title": "Why and how bacteria localize proteins.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "volume": "326",
  "pages": "1225-1228",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.1175685",
  "pmid": "19965466",
  "topics": [
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Review of how and why bacteria deploy proteins to specific subcellular locations in step with the organized deployment of the chromosome.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "skerker2004",
  "authors": "Skerker JM, Laub MT",
  "year": 2004,
  "title": "Cell-cycle progression and the generation of asymmetry in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Nat Rev Microbiol",
  "volume": "2",
  "pages": "325-337",
  "doi": "10.1038/nrmicro864",
  "pmid": "15031731",
  "topics": [
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Review of cell-cycle progression and the generation of asymmetry in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "laub2007",
  "authors": "Laub MT, Shapiro L, McAdams HH",
  "year": 2007,
  "title": "Systems biology of Caulobacter.",
  "journal": "Annu Rev Genet",
  "volume": "41",
  "pages": "429-441",
  "doi": "10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130346",
  "pmid": "18076330",
  "topics": [
   "reviews",
   "systems-modeling"
  ],
  "note": "Review of the genetic network and the phosphosignaling, proteolysis and epigenetic mechanisms that control the Caulobacter cell cycle.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "curtis2010",
  "authors": "Curtis PD, Brun YV",
  "year": 2010,
  "title": "Getting in the loop: regulation of development in Caulobacter crescentus.",
  "journal": "Microbiol Mol Biol Rev",
  "volume": "74",
  "pages": "13-41",
  "doi": "10.1128/MMBR.00040-09",
  "pmid": "20197497",
  "topics": [
   "reviews",
   "polar-development"
  ],
  "note": "Review of Caulobacter development, emphasizing how multiple processes are integrated and coordinated in space and time.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcadams2011",
  "authors": "McAdams HH, Shapiro L",
  "year": 2011,
  "title": "The architecture and conservation pattern of whole-cell control circuitry.",
  "journal": "J Mol Biol",
  "volume": "409",
  "pages": "28-35",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.jmb.2011.02.041",
  "pmid": "21371478",
  "topics": [
   "reviews",
   "systems-modeling"
  ],
  "note": "Review arguing that the cell-cycle control circuitry is co-conserved across alphaproteobacteria and optimized for robust whole-cell operation.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": true,
  "mcadams": true,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 },
 {
  "id": "collier2016",
  "authors": "Collier J",
  "year": 2016,
  "title": "Cell cycle control in Alphaproteobacteria.",
  "journal": "Curr Opin Microbiol",
  "volume": "30",
  "pages": "107-113",
  "doi": "10.1016/j.mib.2016.01.010",
  "pmid": "26871482",
  "topics": [
   "reviews"
  ],
  "note": "Review of conserved cell-cycle regulators and signals such as c-di-GMP and (p)ppGpp in Alphaproteobacteria, building on Caulobacter work.",
  "landmark": false,
  "shapiro": false,
  "mcadams": false,
  "verified": "pubmed+crossref"
 }
]